Scientific Series

Displaying 3217 - 3228 of 5007

Simulating the Universe(s)

Matthew Johnson York University
January 14, 2014

PIRSA:14010101
Astrophysics
The computational power of matchgates and the XY interaction on arbitrary graphs

Daniel Brod Universidade Federal Fluminense
January 08, 2014

PIRSA:14010085
Quantum Physics
Scale-free primordial cosmology

Anna Ijjas Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics - Albert Einstein Institute (AEI)
December 19, 2013

PIRSA:13120063
Astrophysics
The Bose-Hubbard model is QMA-complete

David Gosset Institute for Quantum Computing (IQC)
December 18, 2013

PIRSA:13120067
Quantum Physics
(0,4) sigma models and K3

Sarah Harrison Stanford University
December 18, 2013

PIRSA:13120071
High Energy Physics
A lattice non-perturbative definition of chiral fermion/gauge theory from Topological Order

Juven Wang Harvard University
December 13, 2013

PIRSA:13120069
Condensed Matter
Integrability (and Near Integrability) in Matrix-valued Field Theories

Axel Cortes Cubero City University of New York (CUNY) - Department of Physics
December 13, 2013

PIRSA:13120068
High Energy Physics
Curvature in terms of entanglement

Achim Kempf University of Waterloo
December 12, 2013

PIRSA:13120064
General Relativity & Quantum Cosmology
holographic path to the turbulent side of gravity
- Adam Brown Stanford University
- Stephen Green University of Nottingham
December 12, 2013

PIRSA:13120066
Astrophysics
Partially Massless Gravity
December 11, 2013

PIRSA:13120005
Astrophysics
Rebuilding Mathematics on a Quantum Logical Foundation

Richard deJonghe University of Illinois at Chicago
December 10, 2013

PIRSA:13120060
Quantum Physics
(0,2) Trialities

Abhijit Gadde Stony Brook University
December 10, 2013

PIRSA:13120062
High Energy Physics

Simulating the Universe(s)

Matthew Johnson York University
January 14, 2014

PIRSA:14010101
Astrophysics
The theory of eternal inflation in an inflaton potential with multiple vacua predicts that our universe is one of many bubble universes nucleating and growing inside an ever-expanding false vacuum. The collision of our bubble with another could provide an important observational signature to test this scenario. In this talk I will describe an algorithm for accurately computing the cosmological observables arising from bubble collisions directly from the Lagrangian of a single scalar field. This represents the first fully-relativistic set of predictions from an ensemble of scalar field models giving rise to eternal inflation, and I will describe on-going phenomenological studies and observational searches.
The computational power of matchgates and the XY interaction on arbitrary graphs

Daniel Brod Universidade Federal Fluminense
January 08, 2014

PIRSA:14010085
Quantum Physics
Matchgates are a restricted set of two-qubit gates known to be classically simulable when acting on nearest-neighbor qubits on a path, but universal for quantum computation when the gates can also act on more distant qubits. In this talk, I will address the power of matchgates when they can act on pairs of qubits according to the edges of arbitrary graphs. Specifically, we show that matchgates are universal on any connected graph other than a path or a cycle, and that they are classically simulable on a cycle. We also prove that the same dichotomy holds for the XY interaction, a proper subset of matchgates that arises naturally in some implementations of quantum computing. This is based on a joint work with Ernesto Galvão and another with Andrew Childs.
Scale-free primordial cosmology

Anna Ijjas Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics - Albert Einstein Institute (AEI)
December 19, 2013

PIRSA:13120063
Astrophysics
The large-scale structure of the universe suggests that the physics underlying its early evolution is scale-free. In this talk, using a hydrodynamic approach, I will discuss how the scale-free principle restores predictive power and makes it possible to evaluate inflationary models and to compare them with alternative cosmologies.
The Bose-Hubbard model is QMA-complete

David Gosset Institute for Quantum Computing (IQC)
December 18, 2013

PIRSA:13120067
Quantum Physics
The Bose-Hubbard model is a system of interacting bosons that live on the vertices of a graph. The particles can move between adjacent vertices and experience a repulsive on-site interaction. The Hamiltonian is determined by a choice of graph that specifies the geometry in which the particles move and interact. We prove that approximating the ground energy of the Bose-Hubbard model on a graph at fixed particle number is QMA-complete. In our QMA-hardness proof, we encode the history of an n-qubit computation in the subspace with at most one particle per site (i.e., hard-core bosons). This feature, along with the well-known mapping between hard-core bosons and spin systems, lets us prove a related result for a class of 2-local Hamiltonians defined by graphs that generalizes the XY model. By avoiding the use of perturbation theory in our analysis, we circumvent the need to multiply terms in the Hamiltonian by large coefficients. This is joint work with Andrew Childs and Zak Webb.
(0,4) sigma models and K3

Sarah Harrison Stanford University
December 18, 2013

PIRSA:13120071
High Energy Physics
TBA
A lattice non-perturbative definition of chiral fermion/gauge theory from Topological Order

Juven Wang Harvard University
December 13, 2013

PIRSA:13120069
Condensed Matter
A non-perturbative definition of anomaly-free chiral fermions and bosons in 1+1D spacetime as finite quantum systems on 1D lattice is proposed. In particular, any 1+1D anomaly-free chiral matter theory can be defined as finite quantum systems on 1D lattice with on-site symmetry, if we include strong interactions between matter fields. Our approach provides another way, apart from Ginsparg-Wilson fermions approach, to avoid the fermion-doubling challenge. In general, using the defining connection between gauge anomalies and the symmetry-protected topological orders, we propose that any truly anomaly-free chiral gauge theory can be non-perturbatively defined by putting it on a lattice in the same dimension. As an additional remark, we conjecture/prove the equivalence relation between 't Hooft anomaly matching conditions and the boundary fully gapping rules.
Integrability (and Near Integrability) in Matrix-valued Field Theories

Axel Cortes Cubero City University of New York (CUNY) - Department of Physics
December 13, 2013

PIRSA:13120068
High Energy Physics
The principal chiral sigma model (PCSM) in 1+1 dimensions is asymptotically free and has as SU(N)-valued field with massive excitations. We have found all the exact form factors and two-point function of the Noether-current operators at large N using the integrable bootstrap program. At finite N, only the first non-trivial form factors are found, which give a good long distance approximation for the two-point function. We show how to use these new exact results to study non-integrable deformations. One example is the PCSM coupled to a Yang-Mills field. One can approximate the spectrum of the meson-like bound states using our form factors. We also examine an anisotropic version of (2+1)-dimensional Yang-Mills theory, which can be interpreted as an array of coupled PCSM’s.
Curvature in terms of entanglement

Achim Kempf University of Waterloo
December 12, 2013

PIRSA:13120064
General Relativity & Quantum Cosmology
The entanglement of the quantum field theoretic vacuum state is affected by curvature. I ask if or under which conditions the curvature of spacetime can be expressed entirely in terms of the spatial entanglement structure of the vacuum. This would open up the prospect that general relativity could be formulated in quantum theoretic terms, which should then be helpful for studies in quantum gravity.
holographic path to the turbulent side of gravity
- Adam Brown Stanford University
- Stephen Green University of Nottingham
December 12, 2013

PIRSA:13120066
Astrophysics
We study the dynamics of a 2+1 dimensional relativistic viscous conformal fluid in Minkowski spacetime. Such fluid solutions arise as duals, under the "gravity/fluid correspondence", to 3+1 dimensional asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AAdS) black brane solutions to the Einstein equation. We examine stability properties of shear flows, which correspond to hydrodynamic quasinormal modes of the black brane. We find that, for sufficiently high Reynolds number, the solution undergoes an inverse turbulent cascade to long wavelength modes. We then map this fluid solution, via the gravity/fluid duality, into a bulk metric. This suggests a new and interesting feature of the behavior of perturbed AAdS black holes and black branes, which is not readily captured by a standard quasinormal mode analysis. Namely, for sufficiently large perturbed black objects (with long-lived quasinormal modes), nonlinear effects transfer energy from short to long wavelength modes via a turbulent cascade within the metric perturbation. As long wavelength modes have slower decay, this lengthens the overall lifetime of the perturbation. We also discuss various implications of this behavior, including expectations for higher dimensions, and the possibility of predicting turbulence in more general gravitational scenarios."
Partially Massless Gravity
December 11, 2013

PIRSA:13120005
Astrophysics
On de Sitter space, there exists a special value for the mass of a graviton for which the linear theory propagates 4 rather than 5 degrees of freedom. If a fully non-linear version of the theory exists and can be coupled to known matter, it would have interesting properties and could solve the cosmological constant problem. I will describe evidence for and obstructions to the existence of such a theory.
Rebuilding Mathematics on a Quantum Logical Foundation

Richard deJonghe University of Illinois at Chicago
December 10, 2013

PIRSA:13120060
Quantum Physics
It is not unnatural to expect that difficulties lying at the foundations of quantum mechanics can only be resolved by literally going back and rethinking the quantum theory from first principles (namely, the principles of logic). In this talk, I will present a first-order quantum logic which generalizes the propositional quatum logic originated by Birkhoff and von Neumann as well as the standard classical predicate logic used in the development of virtually all of modern mathematics. I will then use this quantum logic to begin to build the foundations of a new ``quantum mathematics'' --- in particular a quantum set theory and a quantum arithmetic --- which has the potential to provide a completely new mathematical framework in which to develop the theory of quantum
mechanics.
(0,2) Trialities

Abhijit Gadde Stony Brook University
December 10, 2013

PIRSA:13120062
High Energy Physics
Motivated by the connection between 4-manifolds and 2d N=(0,2) theories, we study the dynamics of a fairly large class of 2d N=(0,2) gauge theories. We see that physics of such theories is very rich, much as the physics of 4d N=1 theories. We discover a new type of duality that is very reminiscent of the 4d Seiberg duality. Surprisingly, the new 2d duality is an operation of order three. We study the low energy physics and use elliptic genus to detect dynamical supersymmetry breaking.

Title	Speaker(s)	Date	Talk Type	Info link
Simulating the Universe(s)	Matthew Johnson	2014-01-14	Scientific Series	View details
The computational power of matchgates and the XY interaction on arbitrary graphs	Daniel Brod	2014-01-08	Scientific Series	View details
Scale-free primordial cosmology	Anna Ijjas	2013-12-19	Scientific Series	View details
The Bose-Hubbard model is QMA-complete	David Gosset	2013-12-18	Scientific Series	View details
(0,4) sigma models and K3	Sarah Harrison	2013-12-18	Scientific Series	View details
A lattice non-perturbative definition of chiral fermion/gauge theory from Topological Order	Juven Wang	2013-12-13	Scientific Series	View details
Integrability (and Near Integrability) in Matrix-valued Field Theories	Axel Cortes Cubero	2013-12-13	Scientific Series	View details
Curvature in terms of entanglement	Achim Kempf	2013-12-12	Scientific Series	View details
holographic path to the turbulent side of gravity	Adam Brown, Stephen Green	2013-12-12	Scientific Series	View details
Partially Massless Gravity		2013-12-11	Scientific Series	View details
Rebuilding Mathematics on a Quantum Logical Foundation	Richard deJonghe	2013-12-10	Scientific Series	View details
(0,2) Trialities	Abhijit Gadde	2013-12-10	Scientific Series	View details

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Format results

Simulating the Universe(s)

The computational power of matchgates and the XY interaction on arbitrary graphs

Scale-free primordial cosmology

The Bose-Hubbard model is QMA-complete

(0,4) sigma models and K3

A lattice non-perturbative definition of chiral fermion/gauge theory from Topological Order

Integrability (and Near Integrability) in Matrix-valued Field Theories

Curvature in terms of entanglement

holographic path to the turbulent side of gravity

Partially Massless Gravity

Rebuilding Mathematics on a Quantum Logical Foundation

(0,2) Trialities

Simulating the Universe(s)

The computational power of matchgates and the XY interaction on arbitrary graphs

Scale-free primordial cosmology

The Bose-Hubbard model is QMA-complete

(0,4) sigma models and K3

A lattice non-perturbative definition of chiral fermion/gauge theory from Topological Order

Integrability (and Near Integrability) in Matrix-valued Field Theories

Curvature in terms of entanglement

holographic path to the turbulent side of gravity

Partially Massless Gravity

Rebuilding Mathematics on a Quantum Logical Foundation

(0,2) Trialities