High Energy Physics

I will present a holographic framework for reconstructing the experience of bulk observers in AdS/CFT. In particular, I will show how to recover the proper time and energy distribution measured along bulk worldlines, directly in the CFT via a universal, background-independent prescription. For an observer falling into an eternal AdS black hole, the proposal resolves a conceptual puzzle raised by Marolf and Wall. Notably, the prescription does not rely on an external dynamical Hamiltonian or the AdS boundary conditions and is, therefore, outlining a general framework for the emergence of time.

Universal relationships between asymptotic symmetries, QFT soft theorems, and low energy observables have reinvigorated attempts at flat space holography. In this talk, I will review recent advances in the celestial holography proposal, where the 4d S-matrix is reconsidered as a 2d correlator on the celestial sphere at null infinity. In this framework, asymptotic particle states are characterized by the point at which they enter or exit the celestial sphere as well as their SL(2,C) Lorentz quantum numbers: namely their conformal scaling dimension and spin instead of the energy and momentum. I will present a unified treatment of conformally soft Goldstone modes which arise when spin-one or spin-two conformal primary wavefunctions become pure gauge for certain integer values of the conformal dimension. 

There are several important conceptual and computational questions concerning path integrals in QM and QFT, which have recently been approached from new perspectives motivated by "resurgent asymptotics", a novel mathematical formalism that seeks to unify perturbative and non-perturbative physics. I will discuss the basic ideas behind the connections between resurgent asymptotics and physics, ranging from differential equations to phase transitions and QFT. I will also discuss the reconstruction problem: how to optimally reconstruct non-perturbative information from a finite amount of perturbative information.

I discuss a new approach to the Higgs naturalness problem, where the value of the Higgs mass is tied to cosmic stability and the possibility of a large observable Universe. The Higgs mixes with the dilaton of a CFT sector whose true ground state has a large negative vacuum energy. If the Higgs VEV is non-zero and below O(TeV), the CFT also admits a second metastable vacuum, where the expansion history of the Universe is conventional. As a result, only Hubble patches with unnaturally small values of the Higgs mass support inflation and post-inflationary expansion, while all other patches rapidly crunch. I will also comment on alternative realizations of the mechanism that do not require a CFT sector and have a simple perturbative description.

 I will discuss how central extensions of charge algebras in gravitational theories with null boundaries arise from an anomalous transformation of the boundary term in the gravitational action. This parallels the way in which the holographic Weyl anomaly appears in AdS/CFT, with the ambiguity in the normalization of the null generator being the analogue of the choice of Weyl frame. I will discuss a way to define the gravitational charges unambiguously within the covariant phase space formalism. As an application, I will analyze the near-horizon Virasoro symmetries of black holes and give a systematic derivation of the central charges. I will show that the central extension computed by the charge algebra is directly related to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy via the Cardy formula.

The potential for discovering new gauge fields of nature relies upon extending the collision energy of hadron colliding beams as far as possible beyond the present 14 TeV capability of LHC.  We must seek a balance of minimum cost/TeV for the ring of superconducting magnets, feasibility and cost of a tunnel to contain the ring, and balancing the luminosity against synchrotron radiation.  Balancing feasibility, technology, and cost is crucial if there is to be a high-energy frontier for discovery of new gauge fields. Three design cases exhibit the tricky balance among these parameters:

FCC-hh:                                100 TeV,              ~100 km tunnel around Geneva,               ~16 T magnets using Nb3Sn

SuperCIC:            100 TeV,              270 km tunnel around Dallas,                      4.5 T magnets using NbTi

Collider-in-the-Sea:         500 TeV,              1900 km pipeline in the Gulf of Mexico,  3.5 T magnets using REBCO

We show that a naïve application of the quantum extremal surface (QES) prescription can lead to paradoxical results and must be corrected at leading order. The corrections arise when there is a second QES (with strictly larger generalized entropy at leading order than the minimal QES), together with a large amount of highly incompressible bulk entropy between the two surfaces. We trace the source of the corrections to a failure of the assumptions used in the replica trick derivation of the QES prescription, and show that a more careful derivation correctly computes the corrections. Using tools from one-shot quantum Shannon theory (smooth min- and max-entropies), we generalize these results to a set of refined conditions that determine whether the QES prescription holds. We find similar refinements to the conditions needed for entanglement wedge reconstruction (EWR), and show how EWR can be reinterpreted as the task of one-shot quantum state merging (using zero-bits rather than classical bits), a task gravity is able to achieve optimally efficiently.

Hoop conjecture suggests that microscopic black holes can be produced in collisions of high energy particles if the fundamental gravity scale is lowered to the electroweak scale in extra dimension models. This opens up the possibility of studying extra dimensions in collliders and neutrino telescopes. In this talk, I will introduce the unique signatures associated with black holes from cosmic neutrino-nucleon scattering in IceCube-Gen2. These signatures include new topologies, distinct energy distributions and unusual ratios of hadronic-to-electronic energy deposition. I will also discuss the study of dark sector in future colliders through the investigation of the production and decay of microscopic black holes and the implications of these black holes for the early universe.

In this talk, we review an approach to describing cosmological physics using ordinary AdS/CFT, where the cosmological physics is the effective description of an end-of-the-world brane which cuts off the second asymptotic region of a two-sided black hole. The worldvolume geometry of the brane is an FRW big-bang/big-crunch spacetime. Infavorable circumstances, the brane acts as a Randall-Sundrum Planck brane so that gravity localizes. We describe a microscopic construction for such an end-of-the-world brane with localized gravity in AdS/CFT, starting from N=4 SYM theory. We suggest specific microscopic states of N=4 SYM theory that may encode the physics in a four-dimensional cosmological spacetime.