Astrophysics

We propose a holographic description of four dimensional single scalar inflationary universes, in particular asymptotically de Sitter cosmologies and power-law inflation. We show how cosmological observables such as the primordial power spectrum and non-gaussianities are encoded in correlation functions of a three dimensional QFT.

In Randall-Sundrum single-brane (RS-II) model, it was conjectured that there is no static large black hole localized on the brane based on adS/CFT correspondence. Here we consider the phase diagram of black objects in the models extended from the RS-II model. We propose a scenario for the phase diagram consistent with the classical black hole evaporation conjecture. The proposed scenario indicates the existence of a rich variety of the families of black objects. We present several side evidences that support the whole picture.

We will describe black holes in AdS with hyperbolic horizons, and obtain a holographic description of the region inside the horizon, focusing on the dynamics of the scalar fields in the dual gauge theory. This leads to a proposal for a dual description of D-branes falling through the horizon of any AdS black hole. The proposal uses a field-dependent time reparameterization in the field theory. We relate this reparametrization to various gauge invariances of the theory. Finally, we speculate on information loss and the black hole singularity in this context. This talk will be based on arxiv:0904.3922, and ongoing work with the same authors.

We study generic single-field dark energy models, by a parametrization of the most general theory of their perturbations around a given background, including higher derivative terms. In appropriate limits this approach reproduces standard quintessence, k-essence and ghost condensation. We find no general pathology associated to an equation of state w_Q < -1 or in crossing the phantom divide w_Q = -1. Stability requires that the w_Q < -1 side of dark energy behaves, on cosmological scales, as a k-essence fluid with a virtually zero speed of sound. This implies that one should set the speed of sound to zero when comparing with data models with w_Q < -1 or crossing the phantom divide. We summarize the theoretical and stability constraints on the quintessential plane (1+w_Q) vs. speed of sound squared

I will review the string gas scenario of structure formation, stressing the role which holography plays. I will also discuss another way of obtaining a scale-invariant spectrum of cosmological perturbations (with specific signatures in the bispectrum) which may be realizable in scenarios based on the AdS/CFT correspondence which can resolve the cosmological singularity.