Conference

Naomy Duarte Gomes1, Barbara da Fonseca Magnani1, Jorge Douglas Massayuki Kondo2, Luis Gustavo Marcassa1 1 Instituto de Fısica de Sao Carlos, Universidade de Sao Paulo 2 Departamento de Fısica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina In this work, we investigate the narrowing of the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) profile in a three-level ladder of rubidium atoms at room temperature using a Rydberg state and a Laguerre-Gaussian mode laser. The Gaussian probe field couples the 5S1/2 → 5P3/2 states. The control field, which can be in either Gaussian or Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes, couples the 5P3/2 → 44D state. The EIT spectrum is measured with the polarization spectroscopy (PS) technique, resulting in a dispersive signal. The dispersive PS EIT linewidth is 20% narrower for the LG mode than for a Gaussian mode, due to the donut spatial distribution of the LG mode used. We have implemented a probe transmission model using a simplified Lindblad master equation, which allows us to calculate the PS signal and reproduces well the experimental results. The use of the PS signal eliminates the need to fit a curve when measuring EIT linewidths while still providing subnatural widths. Narrowing the transmission profile is of great interest to measure effects such as atomic collisions and mi-crowave fields. *This work is supported by grants 2016/21311-2, 2019/10971-0 and 2021/06371-7, Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) and grant 142410/2019-5, Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). It is also supported by grant (W911NF2110211) from the US Army.

In cold and ultracold mixtures of atoms and molecules, Rydberg interactions with surrounding atoms or molecules may, under certain conditions, lead to the formation of special long-range Rydberg molecules [1,2,3]. These exotic molecules provide an excellent toolkit for manipulation and control of interatomic and atom-molecule interactions, with applications in ultracold chemistry, quantum information processing and many-body quantum physics. In this talk, we will discuss ultralong-range polyatomic Rydberg molecules formed when a heteronuclear diatomic molecule is bound to a Rydberg atom [3,4]. The binding mechanism appears due to anisotropic scattering of the Rydberg electron from the permanent electric dipole moment of the polar molecule. We propose an experimentally realizable scheme to produce these triatomic ultralong-range Rydberg molecules in ultracold RbCs traps, which might use the excitation of cesium or rubidium [5]. By exploiting the Rydberg electron-molecule anisotropic dipole interaction, we induce a near resonant coupling of the non-zero quantum defect Rydberg levels with the RbCs molecule in an excited rotational level. This coupling enhances the binding of the triatomic ultralong-range Rydberg molecule and produces favorable Franck-Condon factors. References [1] C. H. Greene, A. S. Dickinson, and H. R. Sadeghpour, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2458 (2000). [2] S. T. Rittenhouse and H. R. Sadeghpour, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 243002 (2010). [3] V. Bendkowsky, B. Butscher, J. Nipper, J. P. Shaffer, R. Löw, and T. Pfau, Nature 458, 1005 (2009). [4] R. González-Férez, H. R. Sadeghpour, and P. Schmelcher, New J. Phys. 17, 013021 (2015). [5] R. González-Férez, S.T. Rittenhouse, P. Schmelcher and H.R. Sadeghpour, J. Phys. B 53, 074002 (2020)."

Junwen Zou and Stephen Hogan Resonant dipole-dipole interactions between Rydberg helium atoms and cold ground-state ammonia molecules allow Förster resonance energy transfer between the electronic degrees of freedom in the atom, and the nuclear degrees of freedom associated with the inversion of the molecule [1,2]. In this talk I will describe recent experiments in which we have exploited the Stark effect in the triplet Rydberg states in helium, with values of the principal quantum number n between 38 and 40, to tune these interactions through resonance using electric fields below 10 V/cm. Resonance widths as narrow as 70 MHz have been observed in this work. These are indicative of mean centre-of-mass collision speeds on the order of 10 m/s, and collisions that occur at temperatures significantly below 1 K. Studies of Förster resonances in this collision system are of interest in the search for dipole-bound states [3] of Rydberg atoms or molecules and polar ground-state molecules, in the exploitation of long-range dipole-dipole interactions to regulate access to ion-molecule chemistry that can occur if the polar molecule penetrates inside the Rydberg electron charge distribution [4], and for coherent control and non-destructive detection [5,6]. [1] V. Zhelyazkova and S. D. Hogan, Phys. Rev. A 95, 042710 (2017) [2] K. Gawlas and S. D. Hogan, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 11, 83 (2020) [3] S. M. Farooqi, D. Tong, S. Krishnan, J. Stanojevic, Y. P. Zhang, J. R. Ensher, A. S. Estrin, C. Boisseau, R. Côté, E. E. Eyler and P. L. Gould, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 183002 (2003). [4] V. Zhelyazkova, F. B. V. Martins, J. A. Agner, H. Schmutz and F. Merkt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 263401 (2020) [5] E. Kuznetsova, S. T. Rittenhouse, H. R. Sadeghpour and S. F. Yelin, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13, 17115 (2011) [6] M. Zeppenfeld, Euro. Phys. Lett. 118, 13002 (2017)

"A quantum system evolving on a manifold of discrete states can be viewed as a particle moving in a real-space lattice potential. Such a synthetic dimension provides a powerful tool for quantum simulation because of the ability to engineer many aspects of the Hamiltonian describing the system. In this talk, I will describe a synthetic dimension created from Rydberg levels in an 84-Sr atom, in which coupling between the states is induced with millimeter-waves. Tunneling amplitudes between synthetic lattice sites and on-site potentials are set by the millimeter-wave amplitudes and detunings respectively. Alternating weak and strong tunneling in a one-dimensional configuration realizes the single-particle Su-Schrieffer-Heeger Hamiltonian, a paradigmatic model of topological matter. I will also briefly describe our recent results creating ultralong-range Rydberg molecule (ULRRM) dimers in an interacting Bose gas and probing nonlocal three-body spatial correlations with ULRRM trimers. Kanungo, S.K., Whalen, J.D., Lu, Y. et al. Realizing topological edge states with Rydberg-atom synthetic dimensions. Nat Commun 13, 972 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28550-y "

Simulation of quantum magnetism with AMO systems is now a fully fledged enterprise. In this talk, I will discuss how Rydberg molecular interactions can be exploited to simulate indirect spin-spin coupling, with Rydberg atoms acting as localized impurities. Engineering chiral spin Hamiltonians with Rydberg atoms is also described.

"We present our recent studies on Rydberg atom-Ion interactions and the spatial imaging of a novel type of molecular ion using a high-resolution ion microscope. The ion microscope provides an exceptional spatial and temporal resolution on a single atom level, where a highly tuneable magnification ranging from 200 to over 1500, a resolution better than 200nm and a depth of field of more than 70µm were demonstrated [1]. A pulsed operation mode of the microscope combined with the excellent electric field compensation enables the study of highly excited Rydberg atoms and ion-Rydberg atom hybrid systems. Using the ion microscope, we observed a novel molecular ion, where the bonding mechanism is based on the interaction between the ionic charge and an induced flipping dipole of a Rydberg atom [2]. Furthermore, we could measure the vibrational spectrum and spatially resolve the bond length and the angular alignment of the molecule. The excellent time resolution of the microscope enables probing of the interaction dynamics between the Rydberg atom and the ion. [1] C. Veit, N. Zuber, O. A. Herrera-Sancho, V. S. V. Anasuri, T. Schmid, F. Meinert, R. Löw, and T. Pfau, Pulsed Ion Microscope to Probe Quantum Gases, Phys. Rev. X 11, 011036 (2021). [2] N. Zuber, V. S. V. Anasuri, M. Berngruber, Y.-Q. Zou, F. Meinert, R. Löw, T. Pfau, Spatial imaging of a novel type of molecular ions, Nature 5, 453 (2022)"

I will discuss a close parallel between Gaiotto and Witten's S-duality for supersymmetric boundary conditions in 4d N=4 SYM and the relative Langlands program, an enhancement of the Langlands program that was developed to provide a framework for the theory of integral representations of L-functions. A special and conjecturally self-dual class of boundary conditions is provided by quantizations of "small" or "multiplicity-free" hamiltonian spaces called hyperspherical varieties. I'll explain how a hyperspherical variety produces objects of interest in all the different settings of the Langlands program (local / global, geometric / arithmetic) and a collection of conjectures providing S-dual descriptions of these objects. The talk is based on forthcoming joint work with Yiannis Sakellaridis and Akshay Venkatesh.