High Energy Physics

Universal properties of two-dimensional conformal interfaces are encoded by the flux of energy transmitted and reflected during a scattering process.

In this talk, I will develop a method that allows me to extend previous results based on thin-brane holographic models to smooth domain-wall solutions of 3-dimensional gravity.

As an application, I will compute the transmission coefficient of a Janus interface in terms of its deformation parameter.

Zoom link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/98684574364?pwd=WGdrQXhRcHRJZUZMYmNObUVZT1ZCZz09

We construct two-dimensional quantum states associated to four-dimensional linearized rotating self-dual black holes in (2,2) signature Klein space. The states are comprised of global conformal primaries circulating on the celestial torus, the Kleinian analog of the celestial sphere. By introducing a generalized tower of Goldstone operators we identify the states as coherent exponentiations carrying an infinite tower of w1+inf charges or soft hair. We relate our results to recent approaches to black hole scattering, including a connection to Wilson lines, S-matrix results, and celestial holography in curved backgrounds.

Zoom link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/94163164577?pwd=RHFVZU5XUEN0T3c3Zm1VR3VhZnNsZz09

Despite first observing cosmic rays with energies above an EeV (10^18 eV) in the 1960s, the source of these particles remains an open question. Modern observatories, in particular the Pierre Auger Observatory and Telescope Array, have firmly established that the cosmic ray spectrum continues up to ~10^20.3 eV and have significantly advanced our understanding of these particles. However, limited statistics, uncertainties in particle physics, and significant deflections in the Galactic magnetic field have made progress towards discovering their astrophysical source extremely challenging. One key astrophysical input needed to understand ultrahigh energy cosmic ray data is the distribution of their sources, or the source evolution. In this talk, I will focus on multimessenger observations which have the potential to pin down the source evolution for the very first time.

Zoom Link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/94054513261?pwd=aHRNWE04VDI2cDA2RmRYQmtNRnd3dz09

We develop the bulk geometric description of correlation functions of operators whose scaling dimensions are of order the central charge in AdS/CFT. We follow a bottom-up approach, discussing solutions to Einstein gravity that are closely related to familiar black holes in AdS. In order to reproduce the correct dependence of a conformal correlation function on the location of operator insertions, we must introduce a novel Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary term associated with the stretched horizon of each black hole. We discuss the bulk dual of two point functions in CFT’s living in arbitrary dimensions. Specializing to AdS3 allows us to discuss higher point functions, where we find that the dual geometries are sometimes multi-boundary wormholes, whose holographic interpretation has been the focus of much recent activity.

Zoom Link: TBD

Getting the strongest physics conclusions from collider particle physics experiments regarding the (in)consistency of the Standard Model with actual measurements requires Effective Field Theory techniques. This approach (known as the SMEFT) has been rapidly advanced in recent years, leading to new analyses of the data being executed by Atlas and CMS. The current state of the theoretical art is not precise enough as such EXP studies are continued into the future, as the measurements continue to become more precise. We need to be able to calculate more precisely in the SMEFT to keep up. After an intro to this area of research, I will discuss some recent calculations that have pushed things to the two loop level in precision for higgs production/decay in the SMEFT, and how thinking geometrically (in terms of field space connections and the resulting Higgs geometries) in EFT is the key to keep advancing the theoretical state of the art.

Zoom link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/99931154202?pwd=SUMzK2JIS0prNk5KaGZWakphckZhdz09

I will construct a top-down example of celestial holography, based on recent work with Costello and Paquette. Our duality relates certain models of self-dual gauge theory and conformal gravity, placed on an asymptotically flat four dimensional spacetime called Burns space, to a two dimensional chiral algebra living on D1-branes in a topological string theory on twistor space.

Zoom link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/92898535744?pwd=T2w2SUp0VnU5NWtPSm50VENvWlRYQT09

Gravity is exciting from both theoretical and observational perspectives. In this talk, I will discuss how gravitational observables, such as waveforms, can be determined from scattering amplitudes in quantum field theory. We can therefore use the full arsenal of theoretical collider physics to compute gravitational waveforms. As an example, I will describe the waveform generated in a scattering process at next-to-leading order. I will finish by discussing how amplitudes can further be used to understand non-radiative aspects of gravity, including the curvature of the Kerr metric itself. This leads to a network of “double copy” relations between classical solutions of the Maxwell and Einstein equations.

Zoom link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/92038383246?pwd=RjQwVHo1VWR6VDl0a3VPZEU0ZXFyUT09

We study the low-energy effective action for relativistic superfluids obtained by integrating out the heavy fields of a UV theory. A careful renormalization procedure is required if one is interested in deriving the EFT to all orders in the light fields (at a fixed order of derivatives per field). The result suggests a general relation between finite density and spontaneous symmetry breaking for QFTs of interacting scalars with an internal global symmetry. The ground state at finite chemical potential of these systems is usually associated with a superfluid phase, in which the global symmetry is spontaneously broken along with Lorentz boosts and time translations. We show that this expectation is always realized at one loop for complex scalar fields with arbitrary UV potential in d > 2 spacetime dimensions. The physically distinct phenomena of finite charge density and spontaneous symmetry breaking occur simultaneously. We quantify this result by deriving universal scaling relations for the symmetry breaking scale as a function of the charge density, at low and high density. Moreover, we show that the critical value of μ coincides with the pole mass. The same conclusions hold non-perturbatively for an O(N) theory with quartic interactions in d = 3, at leading order in the 1/N expansion. In order to do this we compute analytically the one-loop effective potential at finite μ and zero temperature. As an application we derive in closed form the one-loop EFT for superfluid phonons for arbitrary UV scalar potentials in d > 2. From this we obtain analytically the one-loop scaling dimension of the lightest charge n operator in the $\phi^6$ conformal superfluid in d=3, at leading order in 1/n, reproducing a numerical result of Badel et al. 

Zoom Link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/97727675289?pwd=TWJyNzRucEhkM0JNM0NWeEdMM0xTQT09

A new approach for the first quantization of superstrings, called B-RNS-GSS formalism, is being constructed. It consists of quantizing embeddings of super surfaces into superspaces. As in the classical theory of super-embeddings, it has twistor-like variables. In this talk, besides motivating the need for such a formalism, I will review the work done in hep-th: 2211.06899, where the hetetoric supergravity equations of motion were derived from BRST nilpotency.

Zoom link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/98656433153?pwd=NjlpcUtITDAwWlgycUtUZUVsZ3QrQT09