Scientific Series

Complementing the spectacular breakthroughs in gravitational wave and multi-messenger astronomy, advancements in our theoretical understanding and modelling of the strong gravity are essential to apprehending the nonlinear dynamics of spacetime, and to unlocking the full potential of the observations. I will illustrate the scope of new physics that might be probed by black holes, neutron stars, and other such systems, including testing general relativity and strong gravity signatures of new particles, and describe some recent developments that allow for uncovering novel phenomena and making detailed predictions in this regime.

Zoom Link: https://pitp.zoom.us/j/96180256322?pwd=LzEyd3ZBWGdZeDR6MjB1dGpLWFRpUT09

Systems in thermal equilibrium at non-zero temperature are described by their Gibbs state. For classical many-body systems, the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm gives a Markov process with a local update rule that samples from the Gibbs distribution. For quantum systems, sampling from the Gibbs state is significantly more challenging. Many algorithms have been proposed, but these are more complex than the simple local update rule of classical Metropolis sampling, requiring non-trivial quantum algorithms such as phase estimation as a subroutine.

Here, we show that a dissipative quantum algorithm with a simple, local update rule is able to sample from the quantum Gibbs state. In contrast to the classical case, the quantum Gibbs state is not generated by converging to the fixed point of a Markov process, but by the states generated at the stopping time of a conditionally stopped process. This gives a new answer to the long-sought-after quantum analogue of Metropolis sampling. Compared to previous quantum Gibbs sampling algorithms, the local update rule of the process has a simple implementation, which may make it more amenable to near-term implementation on suitable quantum hardware. We also show how this can be used to estimate partition functions using the stopping statistics of an ensemble of runs of the dissipative Gibbs sampler. This dissipative Gibbs sampler works for arbitrary quantum Hamiltonians, without any assumptions on or knowledge of its properties, and comes with certifiable precision and run-time bounds.
This talk is based on 2304.04526, completed in collaboration with Jan-Lukas Bosse and Toby Cubitt.

Zoom Link: https://pitp.zoom.us/j/96780945341?pwd=NG9SUjE4SkVia3VqazNXUFNUamhRdz09

It has long been known in studies of Pion physics, non-linear sigma models and cosmology that thinking in terms of field space metrics can be useful. Such an approach can help identify and define field redefinition invariant physics in observables. This approach is reemerging recently an a key organizing principle and calculational tool for interpreting collider physics data to study Higgs properties. I will review some known results and discuss outstanding issues being worked on in this area. 

Zoom Link: https://pitp.zoom.us/j/96662488113?pwd=cGs0THQwWXRkcm9pVzcwVytnNjZ5Zz09

I will discuss symmetries that arise at the infrared fixed point of the RG flow of Einstein gravity, including conformal vs. scale invariance in various dimensions, as well as 1-form generalized global symmetries and new anomalies that arise among them.

Zoom link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/93217255461?pwd=MXdzWDdVbWZrQzQ5UmVYVkx3US8zZz09

For a theory whose half-BPS sector can be described by N=4 quiver quantum mechanics, its BPS algebra (à la Harvey-Moore) is given by the quiver Yangian. I will first review the construction of the BPS quiver Yangians and then discuss their applications, such as on BPS counting, Gauge/Bethe correspondence, and knot-quiver correspondence. 

Zoom Link: TBD

I will argue that a fruitful strategy to make progress in quantum gravity is to connect distinct approaches and transfer methods and ideas from one approach to another. As a concrete example, I will explain recent results in causal-set quantum gravity. The first, namely the construction of a higher-order curvature operator in causal sets, is motivated by the idea to use causal sets as a Lorentzian regularization of the gravitational path integral, in which one can search for asymptotic safety. The second, namely an upper bound on the mass of scalars is inspired by the "matter matters" program in asymptotically safe quantum gravity, in which observational tests of quantum gravity are based on gravity's interplay with matter. I will argue that a similar program for causal sets can provide new, observationally motivated constraints on causal set quantum gravity.To provide background and motivation for these results, I'll provide brief and pedagogical introductions into the key features and key open challenges of both asymptotically safe quantum gravity as well as causal set quantum gravity.

Zoom Link: https://pitp.zoom.us/j/99855484685?pwd=M0IvOFk1OWNCdVlZVDdkUFQ4MzZKUT09

In this talk, I will start by motivating the introduction of new- (quantum) physics effects in black hole spacetimes through a principled-parameterized approach. I will then discuss how these new-physics effect can affect the formation of non-singular black holes by applying the principled-parameterized approach to gravitational collapse. This will serve as a motivation to study non-singular black hole parameterizations beyond circularity. Finally, I will present how quantum gravity effects linked to these guiding principles can be traced back to observational imprints in synthetic (ng)EHT images, in particular in photon rings.

Zoom Link: https://pitp.zoom.us/j/93325159463?pwd=aGlQUHJzWWg1d3hBRzAwOURGY3NFdz09

There are fascinating new insights we could achieve if we succeeded in connecting quantum gravity to particle physics in the visible and the dark universe. However, making such a connection is challenging, because the typical scale of quantum gravity is believed to be far from the typical scales in particle physics. I will exploit lever arms that could make it possible to bridge this gap in scales.  To provide concrete examples for these ideas, I will review recent results on the proton lifetime in quantum gravity, the effects of asymptotically safe quantum gravity on properties of Standard Model matter and the effects of asymptotically safe quantum gravity on simple models of dark energy and dark matter.

Zoom Link: https://pitp.zoom.us/j/96545839038?pwd=UG1IVzJPWUZGa2ovOFhzdHBhOFhOdz09

In this talk, I will present three algorithms that address distinct variants of the problem of testing quantum states. First, I will discuss the problem of statistically testing whether an unknown quantum state is a matrix product state of certain bond dimension or it is far from all such states. Next, I will demonstrate a method for testing whether a bipartite quantum state, shared between two parties, corresponds to the ground state of a given gapped local Hamiltonian. Finally, I will present a scheme for verifying that a machine learning model of an unknown quantum state has high overlap with the actual state.

Zoom Link: https://pitp.zoom.us/j/99250127489?pwd=UCtXUi9zMzJZamppT29DbWtJcWU3Zz09

Macroscopic physics of a quantum many-body systems on a lattice is commonly captured by a continuum field theory. We will discuss the interplay between lattice effects and continuum theory from the perspective of symmetry and ’t Hooft anomalies. In the first part of the talk, using the example of a spin-1/2 XXZ chain, we will show how the continuum limit of a lattice model is properly described in terms of a field theory with topological defects. In particular, anomaly explains a curious size dependence of the ground state momentum in the XXZ chain. In the second part, we will examine U(1) filling anomaly for subsystem symmetries. With a generalized flux-insertion argument, we derive nontrivial constraints on the mobility of excitations in a symmetry-preserving gapped phase.

Zoom link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/96117447396?pwd=QVNaSHdHeDh1RENvenRjamVlVGNudz09

I review a class of quantum error correcting codes that directly takes into account the large-N aspects of holographic theories. I will discuss some aspects of the vacuum sector of these codes and use them to show the equivalence between two different approaches to entanglement wedge reconstruction.

Zoom link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/96318197584?pwd=YXJEdkJrVktXVmI3SWVlRmlaK3A4Zz09

SNOLAB is a laboratory two kilometers underground in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. This laboratory boasts the lowest muon flux on Earth. This low muon flux is utilized for a variety of research on Quantum computing and the nature of dark matter, which are some of the highest priority research topics in fundamental and applied physics. New sensors are required for light dark matter searches that extend current capabilities by three orders of magnitude in energy. The required energy scales overlap with the energy scale of environmental disturbances that limit the coherence time of many candidate qubit systems, like superconducting circuits. I will give a short overview of SNOLAB. I will then focus on the requirements and alignment of light dark matter searches and cutting-edge qubit performance. Finally, I will say a few words on how future experiments can leverage these maturing quantum computing technologies for fundamental physics searches.

Zoom Link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/95345167872?pwd=eDhYREd2Q04yV21DUC84NnVEcHRmUT09