Talks

Hidden sectors are motivated by a range of phenomena unexplained by the Standard Model, such as dark matter, neutrino masses, and the baryon asymmetry. Hidden sector particles below the weak scale can be copiously produced at high-energy and intensity-frontier experiments, but may have evaded detection with current searches.
I will discuss new searches I am doing with the BaBar collaboration that are probing unexplored, well-motivated territory for hidden sectors. I will also show how signatures such as displaced vertices motivate comprehensive, complementary searches at low- and high-energy experiments.

We consider a natural extension of general relativity, by the addition of a term which is a topological invariant when the cosmological constant is in fact constant.  Allowing the cosmological constant to vary, we discover it is endowed with a natural dynamics, which also includes a mechanism to suppress its value.   A key role in hiding the consequences of a dynamical cosmological constant is played by the torsion of the spacetime connection.

As a dynamical variable, the varying cosmological constant turns out to be canonically conjugate to a measure of intrinsic, cosmological time, given by the Chern-Simons invariant of the Ashtekar connection (which we originally studied with Chopin Soo).  As a result, a small quantum universe that "knows what time it is" does not know the value of the cosmological constant, and visa versa.   This leads to some novel scenarios for the early universe.

This is joint work in progress with Stephon Alexander, Joao Magueijo and Robert Sims.

Since the first detection two years ago, gravitational waves have promised to revolutionize the physics and astrophysics of compact objects. But to understand what these gravitational waves are telling us, we need to understand how these relativistic binary systems form in the first place.  In this talk, I will describe the various astrophysical pathways for forming the binary mergers detected by LIGO/Virgo, and how specific features of the gravitational waves (such as the eccentricities and spins) can illuminate the formation histories of these exotic objects.  In particular, I will discuss how black holes can undergo multiple mergers in dense star clusters, creating a second generation of black holes more massive (and with potentially greater spins) than those formed through the collapse of isolated stars.

Quantum computers have the potential to significantly outperform classical computers at certain tasks. However, many applications of quantum computers require a fault-tolerant quantum computer. Such a device would function correctly even in the presence of noise. State-of-the art quantum computing architecture proposals require at least hundreds of thousands of high quality qubits to achieve fault-tolerance. These requirements are far beyond today's technology. In this talk, I will present results about a novel quantum computing architecture which is based on 3-d surface codes (a family of quantum error-correcting codes). This architecture may have smaller resource requirements than the current leading architectures for certain experimental parameters. I will show that the 3-d surface code has a transversal CCZ gate and I will discuss a cellular automaton which can be used to decode 3-d surface codes. Time permitting, I will also discuss the relationship between 3-d surface codes and 3-d colour codes. 

Energy and momentum are conserved in Newton's laws of gravitation.
Numerical integration of the equations of motion should comply to
these requirements in order to guarantee the correctness of a
solution, but this turns out to be insufficient.  The steady growth of
numerical errors and the exponential divergence, renders numerical
solutions over more than a dynamical time-scale meaningless.  Even
time reversibility is not a guarantee for finding the definitive
solution to the numerical few-body problem.  As a consequence,
numerical N-body simulations produce questionable results.  Using
brute force integrations to arbitrary numerical precision I will
demonstrate empirically that the statistics of an ensemble of resonant
3-body interactions is independent of the precision of the numerical
integration, and conclude that, although individual solutions using
common integration methods are unreliable, an ensemble of approximate
3-body solutions accurately represent the ensemble of true solutions.