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On Quantum Tunnelling

Neil Turok University of Edinburgh
June 25, 2014

PIRSA:14060051
Astrophysics
Inflation, Variable Speed of Light and BICEP2

John Moffat Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics
June 12, 2014

PIRSA:14060044
Astrophysics
Wild and tame scalar-tensor black holes

Valerio Faraoni Bishop's University
June 10, 2014

PIRSA:14060043
Astrophysics
Neutrino Wakes

Ue-Li Pen University of Toronto
June 06, 2014

PIRSA:14060041
Astrophysics
Some Conceptual Problems in General Relativity and Cosmology

Jayant Narlikar IUCAA - The Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics
June 03, 2014

PIRSA:14060004
Astrophysics
Black holes and Boyle's Law --- the thermodynamics of Einstein's greatest mistake

Brian Dolan Maynooth University
May 20, 2014

PIRSA:14050093
Astrophysics
What can we learn from modifing gravity ?

Claudia de Rham Imperial College London
May 14, 2014

PIRSA:14050003
Astrophysics
Random models of inflation

Andrew Liddle University of Lisbon
May 13, 2014

PIRSA:14050007
Astrophysics
Noncommutative geometry and the symmetries of the standard model

Fedele Lizzi University of Naples Federico II
May 06, 2014

PIRSA:14050031
High Energy Physics

Astrophysics
The Case for an Alternative Cosmology

Jayant Narlikar IUCAA - The Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics
May 06, 2014

PIRSA:14050034
Astrophysics
Galileon Maps: Inequivalent Coset Constructions for Spacetime Symmetries

Gabirele Trevisan SISSA International School for Advanced Studies
April 29, 2014

PIRSA:14040132
Astrophysics
Groups and Clusters of Galaxies: Where Cosmology and Astrophysics Collide

Arif Babul University of Victoria
April 15, 2014

PIRSA:14040133
Astrophysics

On Quantum Tunnelling

Neil Turok University of Edinburgh
June 25, 2014

PIRSA:14060051
Astrophysics
One of the most basic but intriguing properties of quantum systems is their ability to `tunnel' between configurations which are classically disconnected. That is, processes which are classically impossible, are quantum allowed. In this talk I will outline a new, first-principles approach combining the semiclassical approximation with the concepts of post-selection and weak measurement. Its main virtue is to provide a real-time description within which sharp answers can be given to questions such as 'how long did the tunneling take' and 'where was the particle while it was tunneling?' Potential applications span a vast range, from laboratory tests to understanding black hole evaporation, the stability of the electroweak Higgs vacuum and the future of our universe, and the validity (or otherwise) of the "inflationary multiverse" scenario.
Inflation, Variable Speed of Light and BICEP2

John Moffat Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics
June 12, 2014

PIRSA:14060044
Astrophysics
A variable speed of light (VSL) cosmology is developed with a spontaneous breaking of Lorentz invariance in the early universe. A non-minimal electromagnetic coupling to curvature and the resulting quantum electrodynamic vacuum polarization dispersive medium can produce c >> c0 in the early universe, where c0 is the measured speed of light today. Higher derivative curvature contributions to the effective gravitational action and quantum gravity vacuum polarization can produce a dispersive medium and a large increase in the speed of gravitational waves cg >> cg0 in the early universe, where cg0 is the speed of gravitational waves today. The initial value problems of cosmology are solved: the horizon and flatness problems. The model predicts primordial scalar and tensor fluctuation spectral indices ns=0.96 and nt=- 0.04, respectively. The BICEP2 observation of r=0.2 yields r/nt=-5 which is close to the single-field inflationary consistency condition r/nt=-8.
Wild and tame scalar-tensor black holes

Valerio Faraoni Bishop's University
June 10, 2014

PIRSA:14060043
Astrophysics
In scalar-tensor gravity, black holes do not obey the Jebsen-Birkhoff theorem. Non-isolated black holes can be highly dynamical and the teleological concept of event horizon is replaced by the apparent or trapping horizon. Dynamical solutions describing inhomogeneities embedded in cosmological "backgrounds" and the phenomenology of their apparent horizons, which often appear/vanish in pairs, will be described. Isolated black holes, in contrast, have no hair and are the same as in general relativity.
Neutrino Wakes

Ue-Li Pen University of Toronto
June 06, 2014

PIRSA:14060041
Astrophysics
We identify a new non-linear neutrino wake effect, due to the streaming motions of neutrinos relative to dark matter, analogous to the Tseliakhovich-Hirata effect. We compute the effect in moving background perturbation theory, compare to direct n-body simulations, and forecast its observability in current and future surveys. Depending on neutrino mass, this effect could be observable in upcoming surveys through a cross correlation dipole in lensing and galaxies. Unlike previous cosmological neutrino effects, this depends primarily on neutrino mass, making it complementary to measurements that depend on neutrino density.
Some Conceptual Problems in General Relativity and Cosmology

Jayant Narlikar IUCAA - The Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics
June 03, 2014

PIRSA:14060004
Astrophysics
This talk will try to highlight some basic problems connected with conclusions uncritically drawn from well known works. These include: 1. The Schwarzschild solution 2. The formation of black holes by gravitational collapse 3. The no hair theorem 4. The principle of equivalence in the very early universe.
Black holes and Boyle's Law --- the thermodynamics of Einstein's greatest mistake

Brian Dolan Maynooth University
May 20, 2014

PIRSA:14050093
Astrophysics
The thermodynamics of black holes will be reviewed and recent developments incorporating pressure into the first law described. The asymptotically AdS Kerr metric has a van der Waals type critical point with a line of first order phase transitions terminating at a critical point with mean field exponents. The phase structure and stability of black holes in higher dimensions will also be described.
What can we learn from modifing gravity ?

Claudia de Rham Imperial College London
May 14, 2014

PIRSA:14050003
Astrophysics
I will review models of modified gravity in the infrared and show how extra degrees of freedom present in these theories get screened via the Vainshtein mechanism. That mechanism comes hand in hand with its own share of peculiarities: classical superluminalities, strong coupling and perturbative non-analyticity of the S-matrix to name a few. From a traditional effective field viewpoint such effects are disastrous but I will present the first hints in understanding these theories beyond the traditional perspective and their implications not only for gravity but also for our understanding of a certain class of field theories.
Random models of inflation

Andrew Liddle University of Lisbon
May 13, 2014

PIRSA:14050007
Astrophysics
Rather than writing down specific functional forms, one can generate inflation models via stochastic processes in order to explore generic properties of inflation models. I describe our explorations of the phenomenology of randomly-generated multi-field inflation models, both for canonical fields and for a braneworld-motivated scenario. Implications of some recent observational results, including BICEP2, will be discussed.
Noncommutative geometry and the symmetries of the standard model

Fedele Lizzi University of Naples Federico II
May 06, 2014

PIRSA:14050031
High Energy Physics

Astrophysics
I will describe Connes approach to the standard model based on spectral noncommutative geometry with particular emphasis on the symmetries. The model poses constraints which are satisfied by the standard model group, and does not leave much room for other possibilities. There is however a possibility for a larger symmetry (the ``grand algebra'') which may also be instrumental to obtain the correct mass of the Higgs.
The Case for an Alternative Cosmology

Jayant Narlikar IUCAA - The Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics
May 06, 2014

PIRSA:14050034
Astrophysics
This talk will describe the Quasi-Steady State Cosmology proposed in 1993 by Fred Hoyle, Geoffrey Burbidge and Jayant Narlikar. Starting with the motivation for this exercise, a formal field theoretic framework inspired by Mach’s principle is shown to lead to this model. The model is a generalization of the classical steady state model in the sense that it is driven by a scalar field which causes creation in explosive form. Such ‘minicreation events’ lead to a universe with a long term de Sitter expansion superposed with oscillations of shorter time scales. It is shown that this cosmology explains all the observed cosmological features and that there exist potential tests to distinguish between this cosmology and the standard big bang cosmology.
Galileon Maps: Inequivalent Coset Constructions for Spacetime Symmetries

Gabirele Trevisan SISSA International School for Advanced Studies
April 29, 2014

PIRSA:14040132
Astrophysics
Non-linear realizations of spacetime symmetries can be obtained by a generalization of the coset construction valid for internal ones. The physical equivalence of different representations for spacetime symmetries is not obvious, since their relation involves not only a redefinition of the fields but also a field-dependent change of coordinates. A simple and relevant spacetime symmetry is obtained by the contraction of the 4D conformal group that leads to the Galileon group. In this talk I will analyze two non-linear realizations of this group, focusing in particular on the propagation of signals around non-trivial backgrounds.
Groups and Clusters of Galaxies: Where Cosmology and Astrophysics Collide

Arif Babul University of Victoria
April 15, 2014

PIRSA:14040133
Astrophysics
Groups and clusters of galaxies are the most massive gravitationally bound objects in the Universe. They are also the most recent cosmic objects to form. In the currently accepted models of cosmic structure formation, the number density distribution of the most massive of these systems, and how this has been changing with time, depend sensitively to the parameters describing the large-scale geometry and the expansion history of the universe. However, to exploit galaxy clusters as cosmological probes, we must be able to relate their observable properties to their total mass. I will discuss our ongoing effort to calibrate the X-ray/SZ observations to the total mass for the 50 clusters comprising the Canadian Cluster Comparison Project (CCCP) sample. Resulting scaling relations, the associated scatter, and even how these change with time, invariably depend on "astrophysics" unfolding in these systems. The precision with which the cosmological parameters can be determined depends critically on how well we understand why groups and clusters manifest the observed properties that they do. This, however, has proven challenging. I will provide an update of the current state of affairs and highlight some of the key gaps in our understanding of the underlying physics.

Title	Date	Collection	Type	Info
On Quantum Tunnelling	2014‑06‑25	Colloquium	Scientific Series	View details
Inflation, Variable Speed of Light and BICEP2	2014‑06‑12	Cosmology and Gravitation	Scientific Series	View details
Wild and tame scalar-tensor black holes	2014‑06‑10	Cosmology and Gravitation	Scientific Series	View details
Neutrino Wakes	2014‑06‑06	Colloquium	Scientific Series	View details
Some Conceptual Problems in General Relativity and Cosmology	2014‑06‑03	Cosmology and Gravitation	Scientific Series	View details
Black holes and Boyle's Law --- the thermodynamics of Einstein's greatest mistake	2014‑05‑20	Cosmology and Gravitation	Scientific Series	View details
What can we learn from modifing gravity ?	2014‑05‑14	Quantum Many-Body Dynamics	Scientific Series	View details
Random models of inflation	2014‑05‑13	Cosmology and Gravitation	Scientific Series	View details
Noncommutative geometry and the symmetries of the standard model	2014‑05‑06	Particle Physics	Scientific Series	View details
The Case for an Alternative Cosmology	2014‑05‑06	Cosmology and Gravitation	Scientific Series	View details
Galileon Maps: Inequivalent Coset Constructions for Spacetime Symmetries	2014‑04‑29	Cosmology and Gravitation	Scientific Series	View details
Groups and Clusters of Galaxies: Where Cosmology and Astrophysics Collide	2014‑04‑15	Cosmology and Gravitation	Scientific Series	View details

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On Quantum Tunnelling

Inflation, Variable Speed of Light and BICEP2

Wild and tame scalar-tensor black holes

Neutrino Wakes

Some Conceptual Problems in General Relativity and Cosmology

Black holes and Boyle's Law --- the thermodynamics of Einstein's greatest mistake

What can we learn from modifing gravity ?

Random models of inflation

Noncommutative geometry and the symmetries of the standard model

The Case for an Alternative Cosmology

Galileon Maps: Inequivalent Coset Constructions for Spacetime Symmetries

Groups and Clusters of Galaxies: Where Cosmology and Astrophysics Collide

On Quantum Tunnelling

Inflation, Variable Speed of Light and BICEP2

Wild and tame scalar-tensor black holes

Neutrino Wakes

Some Conceptual Problems in General Relativity and Cosmology

Black holes and Boyle's Law --- the thermodynamics of Einstein's greatest mistake

What can we learn from modifing gravity ?

Random models of inflation

Noncommutative geometry and the symmetries of the standard model

The Case for an Alternative Cosmology

Galileon Maps: Inequivalent Coset Constructions for Spacetime Symmetries

Groups and Clusters of Galaxies: Where Cosmology and Astrophysics Collide