Talks

An unexpected economic crisis provides an excellent opportunity to better understand the state of Economic theory as a science. While there appears to have been a broad systemic failure within the community of professional economists to predict the current collapse, it must be noted that there have been scattered successes which appear striking and demand our attention. The goal of this conference is to bring together economists, biologists, mathematicians, physicists, programmers, and financial professionals to explore the opportunities for bringing economic theory into closer contact with the more traditional sciences as the basis for ongoing work, partnership, and collaboration.

Extracting compact sources from maps contaminated with noise and unwanted astrophysical signals is a well-studied problem. In anticipation of the now-current generation of large-scale SZ surveys, many authors arrived at the conclusion that a simple multi-scale spatial/spectral filter would be the optimal way to find galaxy clusters in data from these surveys. I will briefly present the basics of the spatial/spectral optimal filter and then show in some detail how this has been implemented in one real-world case, namely in data from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) survey.

New high-resolution, cosmological-scale simulations of the microwave sky have been created based on the most recent observational data. Currently these imulations are in use by the ACT team to test their data analysis pipeline. These simulations are also flexible enough to be of use to SPT and Planck. We discuss the various components of the simulations, their construction, and comparison to observational data.

A detailed understanding of galaxy clusters is essential in limiting the potential for systematic effects in the use of galaxy clusters for cosmological measurements. I will synthesize our current work on understanding the stellar components of galaxy clusters, including the intergalactic stellar populations and the structural relationship between stellar populations in galaxies and clusters. Ultimately, the characterization of the relationship between dark matter halos and the stellar populations within them will play a key role in unraveling what clusters tell us about the Universe.

The Red-Sequence Cluster Survey (RCS2) is a 1000-square-degree, multi-color imaging survey carried out using MegaCam on the 3.6m CFHT which is optimized for the search of galaxy clusters with 0.15

The largest structures in the Universe -- Superclusters of Galaxies -- range in size from a few Mpc to the 'Great Walls' scale of hundreds of Mpc. What is the shape of these large structures -- are they filamentary in nature or are they flattened two-dimensional 'pancakes'? How do they form and evolve? Superclusters are typically dominated by clusters of galaxies, systems that serve as one of the most powerful tools in cosmology. What is the shape of clusters -- are they spherically symmetric or are they elongated? Are they aligned with each other on large scales? I present results that answer these fundamental questions, revealing the predicted shape and evolution of the large-scale structure in the Universe in the current popular cosmology. We show that the shape of clusters provides an interesting new tool in constraining cosmology, as well as provides clues to the formation and evolution of large-scale structure.

Yes, that's indeed where it happens. These pictures are not ordinary pictures but come with category-theoretic algebraic semantics, support automated reasoning and design of protocols, and match perfectly the developments in important areas of mathematics such as representation theory, proof theory, TQFT & GR, knot theory etc. More concretely, we report on the progress in a research program that aims to capture logical structures within quantum phenomena and quantum informatic tasks in purely diagrammatic terms. These picture calculi are faithful representations of certain kinds of monoidal categories, and structures therein. However, the goal of this program is partly to `release' these intuitive languages (or calculi) from their category-theoretic underpinning, and conceiving these pictures as mathematical entities in their own right. In this new language one is able to model and reason about things such a complementary observables, phase data, quantum circuits and algorithms, a variety of different quantum computational models, hidden-variable models, aspects of non-locality, and reason about all of these in terms of intuitive diagram transformations. Some recent benchmarks are the diagraamatic computation of quantum Fourier transform due to Duncan and myself, a purely diagrammatic proof of the no-cloning theorem due to Abramsky, and a categorical characterisation of GHZ-type non-locality due to Edwards, Spekkens and myself. For informal introductions we refer to: [1] Kindergarten quantum mechanics. http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0510032 [2] Introducing categories to the practicing physicist. http://arxiv.org/abs/0808.1032 For recent more advanced developments we suggest: [3] Selinger: Dagger compact closed categories and completely positive maps QPL\'05 http://www.mathstat.dal.ca/~selinger/papers.html#dagger [4] Coecke, Pavlovic, Vicary: A new description of orthogonal bases. http://arxiv.org/abs/0810.0812 [5] Coecke, Paquette, Perdrix: Bases in diagrammatic quantum protocols http://arxiv.org/abs/0808.1029 [6] Coecke, Duncan: Interacting quantum observables. ICALP\'08. http://www.springerlink.com/content/y443214116h76122/ [7] Coecke, Edwards: Toy quantum categories. QPL\'08. http://arxiv.org/abs/0808.1037