Condensed Matter

The interplay between spontaneous symmetry breaking and topology can result in exotic quantum states of matter. A celebrated example is the quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect, which exhibits an integer quantum Hall effect at zero magnetic field due to topologically nontrivial bands and intrinsic magnetism. In the presence of strong electron-electron interactions, fractional-QAH (FQAH) effect at zero magnetic field can emerge, which is a lattice analog of fractional quantum Hall effect without Landau level formation. In this talk, I will present experimental observation of FQAH effect in twisted MoTe 2 bilayer, using combined magneto- optical and -transport measurements. In addition, we find an anomalous Hall state near the filling factor -1/2, whose behavior resembles that of the composite Fermi liquid phase in the half-filled lowest Landau level of a two-dimensional electron gas at high magnetic field. Direct observation of the FQAH and associated effects paves the way for researching charge fractionalization and anyonic statistics at zero magnetic field.

Reference 1. Observation of Fractionally Quantized Anomalous Hall Effect, Heonjoon Park et al., Nature, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06536-0 (2023);
2. Signatures of Fractional Quantum Anomalous Hall States in Twisted MoTe2 Bilayer, Jiaqi Cai et al., Nature, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06289-w (2023);
3. Programming Correlated Magnetic States via Gate Controlled Moiré Geometry, Eric Anderson et al., Science, https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.adg4268 (2023)

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here are two notions of a symmetry of a group G on a 3d topological order (TO): an "algebraic" symmetry, where G acts by automorphisms on the tensor category defining the (TO), and a "field-theoretic" symmetry, where the TFT corresponding to the TO is extended to manifolds with a principal G-bundle. The "field-theoretic" notion is stronger than the "algebraic" one, and the obstruction is sometimes referred to as the anomaly of the TO. The goal of this talk is to discuss a project joint with Weicheng Ye and Matthew Yu on computing these anomalies for fermionic TOs/spin TFTs: we develop a general framework employing Gaiotto-Kapustin's bosonic shadow construction. I will discuss both the mathematical conjectures our framework rests on as well as its use in examples. The Smith long exact sequence appears in our computations.

Motivated by the dagger category of Hilbert spaces, we explore the mathematical axiomatization of unitary topological field theory (TFT) using dagger categories. Recent advancements have elucidated the structure of higher dagger categories, paving the way for a precise definition of extended unitary TFTs. I will present an explicit formulation of once extended TFTs utilizing various versions of dagger bicategories. This framework enables a complete classification of unitary extended two-dimensional TFTs with arbitrary symmetry groups in terms of their unitary 2-representations. This is joint work in progress with Lukas Muller.

An *open-closed tqft* is a tqft with a choice of boundary condition. Example: the sigma model for a sufficiently finite space, with its Neumann boundary. Slogan: every open-closed tqft is (sigma model, Neumann boundary) for some “quantum space”. In this talk, I will construct homotopy groups for every such “quantum space” (and recover usual homotopy groups). More precisely, these “groups” are Hopf in some category. Given a “quantum fibre bundle” (a relative open-closed tqft), I will construct a Puppe long exact sequence. Retracts in 3-categories and a higher Beck-Chevalley condition will make appearances. This project is joint work in progress with David Reutter.

In this talk we explore the symmetry in 1+1d fermionic systems from a category theory perspective. We argue that It requires additional structure than a tensor category over sVect, and rather captured by a fusion category equipped with a braided central functor from a specific braided fusion category, dependent on the chiral central charge. The same data defines a 1-morphism in the 4-category of braided tensor categories, which lead us to a 4d-3d-2d picture via cobordism hypothesis. This talk is based on an ongoing work with K. Inamura.