Mathematical Physics

In this talk I will review the recent progress in constructing factorisation algebras that represent QFT models on Lorentzian manifolds. I will also discuss their relation to local nets of algebras in AQFT. Renormalization in these models is done using the Epstein-Glaser approach. This is joint work with O. Gwilliam, E Hawkins and B. Visser.

Zoom Link: https://pitp.zoom.us/j/93242972298?pwd=Z0taa3hBSzJ5VWtpQWlaTVRkbTBaUT09

Let K be a knot or link in the 3-sphere. I will explain how one can count minimal surfaces in hyperbolic 4-space which have ideal boundary equal to K, and in this way obtain a link invariant. In other words the number of minimal surfaces doesn’t depend on the isotopy class of the link. These counts of minimal surfaces can be organised into a two-variable polynomial which is perhaps a known polynomial invariant of the link, such as HOMFLYPT. “Counting minimal surfaces” needs to be interpreted carefully here, similar to how Gromov-Witten invariants “count” J-holomorphic curves. Indeed I will explain how these minimal surface invariants can be seen as Gromov-Witten invariants for the twistor space of hyperbolic 4-space. Whilst Gromov-Witten theory suggests the overall strategy for defining the minimal surface link-invariant, there are significant differences in how to actually implement it. This is because the geometry of both hyperbolic space and its twistor space become singular at infinity. As a consequence, the PDEs involved (both the minimal surface equation and J-holomorphic curve equation) are degenerate rather than elliptic at the boundary. I will try and explain how to overcome these complications. 

Zoom link:  https://pitp.zoom.us/j/95847819111?pwd=MVg5dWFsNUpiZWVPL1l4Uk9PV2tZZz09

In this talk, I will discuss: (1) the new BGG-type resolutions of finite dimensional representations of simple Lie algebras that lead to BGG-relations expressing finite-dimensional transfer matrices via infinite-dimensional ones, (2) the factorization of infinite-dimensional ones into the product of two Q-operators, (3) the construction of a large family of rational Lax matrices from antidominantly shifted Yangians. This talk is based on the joint works with R.Frassek, I. Karpov, and V.Pestun.

Nakajima’s quiver varieties play important roles in mathematical physics and representation theory. They are defined as symplectic reduction of the space of representations of the doubled quivers, and they are equipped with natural scheme structures. It is not known in general whether this scheme is reduced or not, and the reducedness issue does show up in certain scenario, for example the integration formula of the K-theoretic Nekrasov’s partition function. In this talk I will show that the quiver variety is reduced when the moment map is flat, and I will also give some applications of this result. This talk is based on my work arXiv: 2201.09838.

Zoom Link: https://pitp.zoom.us/j/97405405211?pwd=dEtVeHhQVjNrdGN4Vkh0ZlRrbEpVQT09

Deligne tensor categories are defined as an interpolation of the categories of representations of groups GL_n, O_n, Sp_{2n} or S_n to the complex values of the parameter n. One can extend many classical representation-theoretic notions and constructions to this context. These complex rank analogs of classical objects provide insights into their stable behavior patterns as n goes to infinity.
I will talk about some of my results on Harish-Chandra bimodules in Deligne categories. It is known that in the classical case simple Harish-Chandra bimodules admit a classification in terms of W-orbits of certain pairs of weights. However, the notion of weight is not well-defined in the setting of Deligne categories. I will explain how in complex rank the above-mentioned classification translates to a condition on the corresponding (left and right) central characters.
Another interesting phenomenon arising in complex rank is that there are two ways to define Harish-Chandra bimodules. That is, one can either require that the center acts locally finitely on a bimodule M or that M has a finite K-type. The two conditions are known to be equivalent for a semi-simple Lie algebra in the classical setting, however, in Deligne categories that is no longer the case. I will talk about a way to construct examples of Harish-Chandra bimodules of finite K-type using the ultraproduct realization of Deligne categories.

Zoom Link: https://pitp.zoom.us/j/93951304913?pwd=WVk1Uk54ODkyT3ZIT2ljdkwxc202Zz09

There is an extremely rich history of interaction between physics and moduli spaces, for instance cohomological Hall algebras/algebras of BPS states, or vertex/chiral algebras. In this talk, I will explain a link between Joyce vertex algebras and one dimensional CoHAs, based on my paper 2110.14356, where quantum vertex algebras play a central role. The main technical tool is a ``bivariant" Euler class which makes torus localisation work in this context. I will also talk about ongoing work, in this area as well as in closely related projects.

Zoom Link: https://pitp.zoom.us/j/93045858347?pwd=N25FNVVjNEFFN09sdmFUV2M2YlZ5QT09

In this talk, I will discuss a new duality that was recently discovered in joint work with David Ayala and Nick Rozenblyum, which we refer to as reflection.

In essence, reflection amounts to two dual methods for reconstructing objects, based on a stratification of the category that they live in. As a classical example, an abelian group can be reconstructed on the one hand in terms of its p-completions and its rationalization, or on the other (reflected) hand in terms of its p-torsion components and its corationalization; and these both come from a certain "closed-open decomposition" of the category of abelian groups.

Examples and applications of reflection are abundant, because stratifications are abundant. In algebra, reflection recovers the derived equivalences of quivers coming from BGP reflection functors (hence the terminology "reflection"). In topology, reflection is closely related to Verdier duality, a generalization of Poincaré duality that applies to singular spaces. Moreover, an explicit description of reflection leads to a categorification of the classical Möbius inversion formula, a Fourier inversion theorem for functions on posets.

Zoom Link: https://pitp.zoom.us/j/92439401154?pwd=cGZsUGJGcmNXdFZuclREL3gyYnhQdz09

 I will report on my progress, joint with David Reutter, to construct and analyze the algebraic closure of nVec – in other words, the universal n-category of framed nD TQFTs. The invertibles are Pontryagin dual to the stable homotopy groups of spheres. The Galois group is almost, but not quite, the stable PL group. An invertible TQFT can be condensed from the vacuum if and only if it trivializes on (possibly-exceptional) spheres.
 

Type IIB string theory has a duality symmetry given by the pin+ cover of GL(2, Z). In joint work with Markus Dierigl, Jonathan J. Heckman, and Miguel Montero, we show that this symmetry is anomalous, and describe how to cancel the anomaly, up to a few calculations we were unable to determine, by adding a Chern-Simons term. I will talk about the setup of the problem in terms of computing the partition function of an invertible topological field theory; a sketch of how the computation goes in terms of bordism and the Adams spectral sequence; and how we cancel the anomaly.

Consider a polynomial differential operator in one variable, depending on a small parameter (Planck constant). Under appropriate conditions, the low-energy spectrum admits an asymptotic expansion in hbar.
I will present a way to calculate such a series via a purely "commutative problem", a mixture of variations of Hodge structures and of the Stirling formula. This result came from discussions with A.Soibelman. It seems that we obtain an explanation of an old observation by J.Zinn-Justin of the 

 universal appearance of Bernoulli numbers.

In recent years, there has been a great deal of progress on ideas related to twisted supergravity, building on the definition given by Costello and Li. Much of what is explicitly known about these theories comes from the topological B-model, whose string field theory conjecturally produces the holomorphic twist of type IIB supergravity. Progress on eleven-dimensional supergravity has been hindered, in part, by the lack of such a worldsheet approach. I will discuss a rigorous computation of the twist of the free eleven-dimensional supergravity multiplet, as well as an interacting BV theory with this field content that passes a large  number of consistency checks. Surprisingly, the resulting holomorphic theory on flat space is closely related to the infinite-dimensional exceptional simple Lie superalgebra E(5,10). This is joint work with Surya Raghavendran and Brian Williams.

Zoom Link: https://pitp.zoom.us/j/99622967785?pwd=YmlQWW1sNW1qS1FhQkV4NXFlY0Nsdz09

I will connect approaches to classical integrable systems via 4d Chern-Simons theory and via symmetry reductions of the anti-self-dual Yang-Mills equations. In particular, I will consider holomorphic Chern-Simons theory on twistor space, defined using a range of meromorphic (3,0)-forms. On shell these are, in most cases, found to agree with actions for anti-self-dual Yang-Mills theory on space-time. Under symmetry reduction, these space-time actions yield actions for 2d integrable systems. On the other hand, performing the symmetry reduction directly on twistor space reduces the holomorphic Chern-Simons action to 4d Chern-Simons theory.

Zoom Link: https://pitp.zoom.us/j/99193672959?pwd=RUJ3N3h2V3RFK3ZNVVVCK1E3bXJ2Zz09