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We consider a consistent theory of classical systems coupled to quantum ones. The dynamics is linear in the density matrix, completely positive and trace-preserving. We apply this to construct a theory of classical gravity coupled to quantum field theory. The theory doesn't suffer the pathologies of semi-classical gravity and reduces to Einstein's equations in the appropriate limit. The assumption that gravity is classical necessarily modifies the dynamical laws of quantum mechanics -- the theory must be fundamentally information destroying involving finite sized and stochastic jumps in space-time and in the quantum field. Nonetheless the quantum state of the system can remain pure conditioned on the classical degrees of freedom. The measurement postulate of quantum mechanics is not needed since the interaction of the quantum degrees of freedom with classical space-time necessarily causes collapse of the wave-function. The theory can be regarded as fundamental, or as an effective theory of quantum field theory in curved space where backreaction is consistently accounted for.

The Monster CFT is a (1+1)d holomorphic CFT with the Monster group global symmetry.  The symmetry twisted partition functions exhibit the celebrated Monstrous Moonshine Phenomenon.  From a modern point of view, topological defects generalize the notion of global symmetries.  We argue that the Monster CFT has a Kramers-Wannier duality defect that is not associated with any global symmetry. The duality defect extends the Monster group to a larger category of topological defects that contains an Ising subcategory.  We introduce the defect McKay-Thompson series defined as the Monster partition function twisted by the duality defect, and find that it is invariant under the genus-zero congruence subgroup 16D0 of PSL(2,Z).

Maps of the mass density field can be used to predict peculiar velocities point-by-point. The comparison of these predictions to peculiar velocity data can be used to determine the cosmological parameter combination f sigma_8. I will briefly discuss the history of this field, present some of our recent results as well as other applications to calibrating the Hubble constant via SNe and gravitational waves, and discuss ongoing work to improving these measurements, through better modelling and, more importantly, acquiring more peculiar velocity data.