Emmy Noether (1882-1935) is well known for her famous contributions to abstract algebra and theoretical physics. Noether’s mathematical work has been divided into three ”epochs”. In the first (1908-19), she made contributions to the theories of algebraic invariants and number fields. Her work on differential invariants in the calculus of variations, Noether’s theorem, has been called ”one of the most important mathematical theorems ever proved in guiding the development of modern physics”. In the second epoch (1920-26), she began work that changed the face of abstract algebra. In her classic paper Idealtheorie in Ringbereichen (Theory of Ideals in Ring Domains, 1921) Noether developed the theory of ideals in commutative rings into a tool with wideranging applications. She made elegant use of the ascending chain condition, and objects satisfying it are named Noetherian in her honor. In the third epoch (1927-35), she published works on noncommutative algebras and hypercomplex number...
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