The upcoming electron-ion collider (EIC) to be built at the Brookhaven National Lab, USA will probe the internal structure of the protons and neutrons to unprecedented details, in terms of the fundamental building blocks, quarks and gluons. The EIC will bombard highly energetic electron beams with proton/heavy ion beam. Some of the key questions that the EIC will investigate are (i) how the quarks and gluons are distributed inside the nucleon ? (ii) How do the massless gluons and light quarks make up the mass of the bulk of the visible matter in the universe ? (iii) How is the spin (1/2) of the proton made up from the spin of its constituents and what is the role of the orbital angular momentum of the quarks and gluons ? (iv) Does a steady state of gluon saturation occurs in the heavy ion collision, called color glass condenstate ? Due to its high luminosity and wide kinematical coverage, EIC will probe the nucleon to unprecedental level, giving access to information never seen before...
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